The objective of IndAS 7 is to provide information about the  historical  changes in cash and cash equivalents of an entity during the reporting period from its operating, investing and financing activities. Cash flows are inflows and outflows of cash and cash equivalents. Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits. Cash equivalents are short – term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to  known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in  value.  Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits, certain short -term investments and in some cases, bank overdrafts.

Ind AS 7, Statement of Cash Flows

Information about the cash flows of an entity is useful in providing users of financial statements with a basis to assess the ability of  the  entity  to  generate cash and cash equivalents and the needs of the entity to  utilise  those cash flows. The economic decisions that are taken by users require an evaluation of the ability of an entity to generate cash and  cash equivalents  and the timing and certainty of their generation.

Key Requirements of IndAS 7

The statement of cash flows is required to report cash flows classified by operating, investing and financing activities along with the  components  of cash and cash equivalents at the beginning and end of the reporting period, except in limited circumstances where cash flows are offset and reported on net basis.

Operating Activities

Operating activities are the principal revenue-producing activities of the entity and other activities that are not investing  or  financing  activities.  Cash flows from operating activities are primarily derived from the principal revenue-producing activities of the entity. Therefore, they  generally  result from the transactions and other events that enter into the determination of  profit or loss. The amount of cash flows arising from  operating activities  is  a  key indicator of the extent to which the operations of the entity have generated sufficient cash flows to repay loans, maintain the operating capability of the entity, pay dividends and make new investments without recourse to external sources of financing. An entity shall report cash flows from operating activities using either  the ‘direct method’ or the ‘indirect method’. Under direct method, major classes of gross cash receipts and payments are presented. However, under indirect method, profit or loss is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non -cash nature; deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments; and items of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. Cash flows arising from taxes on income shall be separately disclosed and classified as cash flow from operating activities unless  they  can  be specifically identified with financing or investing activities.

Investing activities

Investing activities are the acquisition and disposal of long-term assets and other investments not included in cash equivalents. The separate disclosure of cash flows arising from investing activities is important because the cash flows represent the extent to which expenditures have been made for resources intended to generate future income and cash flows. The aggregate cash flows arising from obtaining or losing control of subsidiaries or other businesses shall be presented separately and classified as investing activities.

Financing activities

Financing activities are activities that result in changes in the size and composition of the contributed equity and borrowings of the entity. The separate disclosure of cash flows arising from financing activities is important because it is useful in predicting claims on future cash flows by providers of capital to the entity. An entity shall report separately major classes of gross cash receipts and  gross cash payments arising from investing and financing activities

Non- cash transactions

Investing and financing transactions that do not require the use of cash or  cash equivalents shall be excluded from the statement of cash flows. Such transactions shall be disclosed elsewhere in the financial statements in a way that provides all the relevant information about these investing and financing activities.

Foreign currency cash flows

Cash flows arising from transactions in a  foreign currency shall be  recorded  in an entity’s functional currency by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the functional currency and the foreign currency   at the date of the cash flow. The cash flows of a foreign subsidiary shall be translated at the exchange rates between the functional currency and the foreign currency at the dates of the cash flows. Unrealised gains and losses arising from changes in foreign currency exchange rates are not cash flows. However, the effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents held or due in a foreign currency is reported in the statement of cash flows in order to reconcile cash and cash equivalents at the beginning and the end of the period.

Cash and cash equivalents

An entity shall disclose the components of cash and cash equivalents and  shall present a reconciliation of the amounts in its statement of  cash flows  with equivalent items reported in the balance sheet. An entity shall disclose, together with a commentary by management, the amount of significant cash and cash equivalents held by the entity that are restricted for specific purposes.

Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities

An entity shall provide disclosures that enable users  of  financial statements  to evaluate changes in liabilities arising from financing  activities,  including both changes arising from cash flows and non-cash changes. An entity shall disclose the following changes in liabilities arisi ng  from financing activities:

changes from financing cash flows;changes arising from obtaining or losing control of  subsidiaries  or other businesses;the effect of changes in foreign exchange rates;changes in fair values; andother

The above disclosures also applies to changes in financial assets (for  example, assets that hedge liabilities arising from financing activities) if cash flows from those financial assets were, or future cash flows  will  be, included  in cash flows from financing activities. An entity may provide reconciliation between the opening and  closing balances in the balance sheet for liabilities arising from financing activities, including the changes identified as mentioned above.

Difference Between Ind AS 7 and AS 3

  • A parent may decrease its ownership interest in a subsidiary by:

Cash payments to the owners to acquire or redeem entity’s shares. Cash receipts from mortgages Cash payments made by lessee, for reduction of the outstanding liability, in a finance lease.

(1) selling a portion of the subsidiary’s shares it holds or (2) causing the subsidiary to issue shares. Recommended Articles

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